A Critical Analysis of the Protestant Principle of Sola Scriptura in Light of the Catholic Arguments on the Temporal Precedence of Tradition and the Formal Insufficiency of Scripture

This paper critiques the Protestant doctrine of Sola Scriptura from a Catholic perspective, arguing for the temporal precedence of Tradition over Scripture and for the material sufficiency but formal insufficiency of Scripture alone. Drawing especially on Yves Congar's The Meaning of Tradition and Vatican II's Dei Verbum, the study argues that Scripture, Tradition, and Magisterium are interdependent and cannot be conceived apart from one another, while still affirming Scripture's supreme normative value within that unity.